I-Optical Organic Silica Gel
Isingeniso: Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica, i-cutting-edge material, ithole ukunakwa okuphawulekayo muva nje ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene. Kuyi-hybrid material ehlanganisa izinzuzo ze-organic compounds ne-silica gel matrix, okuholela ezintweni ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo. Ngokubonakala kwayo okumangalisayo, ukuguquguquka, kanye nezakhiwo eziguqulekayo, ijeli ye-silica ye-optical organic inamandla amakhulu emikhakheni eyahlukene, kusukela ku-optics kanye ne-photonics kuya kwe-electronics kanye ne-biotechnology.
Ukucaca okusobala nokuphezulu kwe-Optical
Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica iwumsebenzi obonisa ukukhanyela okukhethekile nokucaca okuphezulu kokubona. Lesi sici esiyingqayizivele sikwenza kube ingxenye ebalulekile ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ku-optics kanye ne-electronics kuya kumadivayisi we-biomedical. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izakhiwo kanye nezinzuzo ze-optical organic silica gel ngokuningiliziwe.
Ijeli ye-silica ye-Optical organic iwuhlobo lwejeli esobala elakhiwa izinhlanganisela eziphilayo kanye nama-silica nanoparticles. Inqubo yokukhiqiza yayo ihilela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-sol-gel, lapho ama-organic compounds kanye ne-silica nanoparticles enza ukumiswa kwe-colloidal. Lokhu kumiswa bese kuvunyelwa ukwenza inqubo ye-gelation, okuholela kujeli eqinile, esobala enesakhiwo senethiwekhi esinezinhlangothi ezintathu.
Enye yezinto ezibalulekile zejeli ye-silica ye-optical organic ukucaca kwayo okuphezulu. Ivumela ukukhanya ukuthi kudlule ngokuhlakazeka okuncane noma ukumuncwa, ikwenze kube into efanelekile yokusetshenziswa kokubona. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isetshenziswa kumalensi, kuma-waveguides, noma kuma-optical coatings, ukukhanya kwejeli kuqinisekisa ukuthi inani eliphezulu lokukhanya liyadluliselwa, okuholela ezithombeni ezicacile nezibukhali.
Ukwengeza, ijeli ye-silica ye-optical organic inokucaca okuhle kakhulu kokubona. Ukucaca kusho ukungabi bikho kokungcola noma ukukhubazeka okungase kuvimbe ukudluliswa kokukhanya. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ijeli ingalawulwa ngokucophelela ukuze kuncishiswe ukungcola, okuholela entweni ecacile ngendlela engavamile. Lesi sakhiwo sibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho kudingeka khona ukusebenza kwe-optical okunembayo, njengakumakroskopu anokulungiswa okuphezulu noma amasistimu e-laser.
Ukucaca okuphezulu kwe-optical optical organic silica gel kuthiwa kungenxa yesakhiwo sayo esilinganayo kanye nokungabikho kwemingcele yokusanhlamvu noma izifunda zekristalu. Ngokungafani nezingilazi ze-silica zendabuko, ezingase zibe nemingcele yokusanhlamvu ehlakaza ukukhanya, isakhiwo sejeli si-amorphous, siqinisekisa indlela yokudlulisela ebushelelezi yamaza okukhanya. Lesi sici sinika amandla ijeli ukuthi ifinyelele ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-optical.
Izinto ezibonakalayo ze-optical organic silica gel zingathuthukiswa ngokwengeziwe ngokuhlanganisa ukwakheka nokwakheka kwayo. Ngokulungisa ukuhlushwa kwama-organic compounds kanye ne-silica nanoparticles, kanye nezimo zokuhlanganiswa, inkomba ye-refractive yejeli ingalawulwa ngokunembile. Lokhu kunika amandla ukuklanywa nokwakhiwa kwezingxenye ze-optical ezinezici ezithile zokubona, ezifana nama-anti-reflective coatings noma ama-waveguides anamaphrofayili enkomba ye-refractive ehambisanayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ijeli ye-silica ye-optical organic inikeza izinzuzo ngaphezu kwezinye izinto ngokuya ngokuguquguquka nokuguquguquka. Ngokungafani nezinto zengilazi eziqinile, ijeli ithambile futhi iyathandeka, ivumela ukuthi ibunjwe kalula ibe yizimo eziyinkimbinkimbi noma ihlanganiswe nezinye izingxenye. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuvula amathuba amasha edizayini nokwenziwa kwemishini yokubona ethuthukisiwe, njengezibonisi eziguquguqukayo noma okokubona okugqokekayo.
Izinto Ezivumelana nezimo futhi ezilolongayo
Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica yaziwa ngokungafihli lutho kwayo, ukucaca okuphezulu kwe-optical, kanye nokuguquguquka okuyingqayizivele nokuma kwayo. Lesi sici sisehlukanisa nezinto ezivamile eziqinile futhi sivula amathuba amasha okuklama nokwenza amadivaysi okubona athuthukile. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuguquguquka nekhono lejeli ye-silica ephilayo ngokuningiliziwe.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile ze-optical organic silica gel ukuguquguquka kwayo. Ngokungafani nezinto ezivamile zengilazi eziqinile futhi eziqinile, ijeli ithambile futhi iyathandeka. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuvumela ijeli ukuthi igobe kalula, yeluleke, noma ikhubazeke ngaphandle kokuphuka, okuyenza ibe ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuvumelana nezindawo ezingasicaba noma ezigobile. Lesi sici sizuzisa kakhulu kuma-optics, lapho izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi nokulungiselelwa kuvame ukufunwa.
Ukuguquguquka kwejeli ye-silica ephilayo kubangelwa isakhiwo sayo esiyingqayizivele. Ijeli iqukethe inethiwekhi enezinhlangothi ezintathu yezinhlanganisela eziphilayo kanye nama-silica nanoparticles. Lesi sakhiwo sinikeza amandla emishini nobuqotho ngenkathi sigcina ukukhubazeka kwayo. Ama-organic compounds asebenza njengezibophezelo, abambe ama-silica nanoparticles ndawonye futhi anikeze ukunwebeka kwejeli. Le nhlanganisela yezingxenye ze-organic kanye ne-inorganic ibangela into engashintshwa futhi ibunjwe kabusha ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa izici zayo zokubona.
Enye inzuzo ephawulekayo ye-optical organic silica gel ukubukeka kwayo. Ijeli ingabunjwa ibe amafomu ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi namaphethini, ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zokuklama. Leli khono litholwa ngamasu okukhiqiza ahlukene njengokubunjwa, ukubumba, noma ukuphrinta kwe-3D. Imvelo yejeli ethambile futhi ethambile iyivumela ukuthi ivumelane nezibunjwa noma ikhiphelwe kumajiyometri ayinkimbinkimbi, ikhiqize izingxenye zokubona ezenziwe ngokwezifiso.
Amandla ejeli ye-silica optical organic inikeza izinzuzo eziningi ekusebenzeni okungokoqobo. Isibonelo, kuma-optics, ijeli ingabunjwa ibe amalensi anesimo esingajwayelekile, njengamalensi enkomba e-freeform noma e-gradient. Lawa ma-lens angahlinzeka ngokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kokubona kanye nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe uma kuqhathaniswa nemiklamo yelensi evamile. Ikhono lokubumba ijeli liphinde lenze ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto eziningi ezibukwayo zibe yingxenye eyodwa, ukunciphisa isidingo sokuhlanganisa nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwesistimu jikelele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amandla ejeli ye-silica optical organic ayenza ihambisane nokwakhiwa kwemishini yokubona eguquguqukayo futhi egqokekayo. Ijeli ingakhiwa ibe amafilimu amancanyana noma ama-coatings angasetshenziswa kuma-substrates aguquguqukayo, njengamapulasitiki noma izindwangu. Lokhu kuvula amathuba okuthuthukisa izibonisi eziguquguqukayo, izinzwa ezigqokekayo, noma izinto ezintsha ezinokusebenza okuhlanganisiwe kokubona. Ukuhlanganisa izici zokubona, ukuguquguquka, kanye nekhono kuvumela amasistimu okubona amasha futhi ahlukahlukene ukuthi adalwe.
Inkomba ye-Refractive Index
Enye yezinto eziphawulekayo zejeli ye-silica optical organic inkomba yayo ye-refractive index. Ikhono lokulawula inkomba ye-refractive yento ebalulekile ibaluleke kakhulu ku-opticals ne-photonics, njengoba ivumela ukuklama nokwakhiwa kwamadivayisi anezindawo ezithile zokubona. Lesi sihloko sizohlola inkomba ye-refractive ye-optical organic silica gel kanye nemithelela yayo ekusetshenzisweni okuhlukahlukene.
Inkomba ye-refractive iyisici esiyisisekelo sento echaza ukuthi ukukhanya kusakazeka kanjani kuyo. Isilinganiso sejubane lokukhanya ku-vacuum nezinga lakho kumpahla. Inkomba ye-refractive inquma ukugoba kwemisebe yokukhanya, ukusebenza kahle kokudluliswa kokukhanya, kanye nokuziphatha kokukhanya ekuxhumaneni phakathi kwezinto ezihlukene.
Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica inikezela ngokusizakala kwenkomba ye-refractive eguqulekayo, okusho ukuthi inkomba yayo ye-refractive ingalawulwa ngokunembile futhi ilungiswe ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile. Lokhu kuthuna kutholakala ngokuphatha ukwakheka nokwakheka kwejeli ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa kwayo.
Ngokushintshanisa ukuhlushwa kwama-organic compounds nama-silica nanoparticles kujeli, kanye nezimo zokuhlanganiswa, kungenzeka ukuguqula inkomba ye-refractive yezinto. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo ekulungiseni inkomba ye-refractive kuvumela ukuhlanganisa izici zokubona zejeli ukuze zihambisane nezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza.
Inkomba ye-refractive ye-optical organic silica gel inemithelela ebalulekile emikhakheni eyahlukene. I-Optics inika amandla ukuklama nokwenza ama-anti-reflective coatings anamaphrofayili enkomba ye-refractive ehambisanayo. Lezi zingubo zingasetshenziswa ezintweni ezibonakalayo ukuze kuncishiswe ukubonakaliswa okungafunwa futhi kwandise ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela ukukhanya. Ngokufanisa inkomba ye-refractive yesendlalelo naleyo ye-substrate noma i-medium ezungezile, ukubuyekezwa kusixhumi esibonakalayo kungancishiswa kakhulu, okuholela ekusebenzeni okubonakalayo okuthuthukisiwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkomba ye-refractive ye-optical organic silica gel inenzuzo kuma-optics ahlanganisiwe nama-waveguides. Ama-Waveguides yizakhiwo eziqondisa futhi zilawule amasignali okukhanya kumasekhethi okubona. Ngonjiniyela inkomba ye-refractive yejeli, kungenzeka ukudala amagagasi anezici ezithile zokusakaza, njengokulawula isivinini sokukhanya noma ukuzuza ukuvalelwa kokukhanya okusebenzayo. Lokhu kuthuna kwenza kube lula ukwakhiwa kwemishini yokubona ehlangene futhi esebenza kahle, njengamasekhethi ahlanganisiwe ezithombe kanye nokuxhumanisa okubonakalayo.
Ukwengeza, inkomba ye-refractive ye-optical organic silica gel inemithelela ekusetshenzisweni kokuzwa kanye ne-biosensing. Ukufaka ama-dopant athile emvelo noma angaphili kujeli kwenza ukudala izakhi zokuzwa ezisebenzisana nabahlaziyi abathile noma ama-molecule ebhayoloji kwenzeke. Inkomba ye-refractive yejeli ingalungiswa ngokunembile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzwela nokukhetha kwenzwa, okuholela emandleni okuthola athuthukisiwe.
I-Optical Waveguides kanye ne-Light Transmission
I-Optical waveguides yizakhiwo eziqondisa futhi zivale ukukhanya ngaphakathi kwendawo ethile, evumela ukudluliswa okuphumelelayo nokuguqulwa kwamasignali okukhanya. Ngezakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele, ijeli ye-silica ye-optical organic inikeza amandla amahle kakhulu njengempahla yamagagasi okukhanya, ehlinzeka ngokuxhumana okukhanyayo okusebenzayo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene.
Amagagasi okukhanya aklanyelwe ukuvala futhi aqondise ukukhanya endleleni ethile, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa into ewumongo enenkomba ye-refractive ephezulu ezungezwe inkomba ephansi ye-refractive. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhanya kusakazeka phakathi nendawo ngenkathi kuvalelwe, kuvimbela ukulahleka noma ukuhlakazeka okukhulu.
Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica ingafaneleka ukwenziwa kwe-waveguide ngenxa yenkomba yayo ye-refractive eguqulekayo kanye nemvelo eguquguqukayo. Inkomba ye-refractive yejeli ingalungiswa ngokunembile ngokushintsha imingcele yokwakheka kwayo kanye ne-synthesis, okuvumela amaphrofayili enkomba ye-refractive ehambisanayo afanele ukukhanya okuqondisayo. Ngokulawula inkomba ye-refractive yejeli, kuba nokwenzeka ukufeza ukuvalelwa kokukhanya okusebenzayo kanye nokusabalalisa kokulahlekelwa okuphansi.
Imvelo eguquguqukayo yejeli ye-silica ephilayo yenza kube lula ukwakhiwa kwamagagasi anomumo nokucushwa okuhlukahlukene. Ingabunjwa noma ibunjwe ibe yijiyometri efiselekayo, idale ama-waveguides anamaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi noma izakhiwo ezingajwayelekile. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kunenzuzo kuma-optics ahlanganisiwe, lapho amagagasi kufanele aqondaniswe ngokunembile nezinye izingxenye ze-optical ukuze kuhlanganiswe ukukhanya okuphumelelayo nokuhlanganisa.
Amagagasi okukhanya enziwe ngejeli ye-silica ephilayo anikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa. Okokuqala futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, babonisa ukulahlekelwa okubonakalayo okuphansi, okuvumela ukudluliswa kokukhanya okuphumelelayo kumabanga amade. Isakhiwo esilinganayo kanye nokungabikho kokungcola kujeli kunomthelela ekuhlakazeni okuncane noma ekumunceni, okuholela ekusebenzeni kahle kokudlulisela kanye nokuwohloka kwesignali ephansi.
I-tunability yenkomba ye-refractive kuma-optical organic silica gel waveguides inika amandla ukulawulwa kwamapharamitha ahlukahlukene okubona, njengesivinini seqembu nezici zokuhlakazeka. Lokhu kuvumela ukuhlanganisa izakhiwo ze-waveguide ukuze zihambisane nezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza. Isibonelo, ngokwenza iphrofayili yenkomba ye-refractive, kungenzeka ukudala ama-waveguides anezindawo zokusabalalisa ezinxephezela ukusabalalisa kwe-chromatic, okuvumela ukudluliswa kwedatha ngesivinini esikhulu ngaphandle kokuhlanekezela okubalulekile kwesignali.
Ukwengeza, imvelo eguquguqukayo ye-optical organic silica gel waveguides yenza ukuhlanganiswa kwazo nezinye izakhi nezinto zokwakha. Angakwazi ukuhlanganiswa ngaphandle komthungo kuma-substrates aguquguqukayo noma agobile, okuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kwesistimu yokubona egobekayo noma evumelanayo. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuvula amathuba amasha ezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinjengama-optics agqokekayo, izibonisi eziguquguqukayo, noma amadivaysi e-biomedical.
Amadivayisi Wezithombe Neziyingi Ezihlanganisiwe
Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica inamandla amahle kakhulu okuthuthukisa amadivayisi we-photonic namasekethe ahlanganisiwe. Izici zayo ezihlukile, ezihlanganisa inkomba ye-refractive eguqulekayo, ukuguquguquka, kanye nokubonisa ngale, kuyenza ibe yinto eguquguqukayo yokuthola ukusebenza okuthuthukile kokubona. Lesi sihloko sizohlola ukusetshenziswa kwejeli ye-silica ephilayo kumadivayisi ezithombe namasekethe ahlanganisiwe.
Imishini yezithombe namasekhethi ahlanganisiwe ayizingxenye ezibalulekile ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene zokubona, okuvumela ukuguquguquka nokulawulwa kokukhanya kwezinhlelo eziningi zokusebenza. Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica inikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa ezifanelana nalezi zinhlelo zokusebenza kahle.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile inkomba ye-refractive ye-optical organic silica gel. Lesi sakhiwo sivumela ukulawula okunembile kokusakazeka kokukhanya ngaphakathi kwamadivayisi. Ngonjiniyela inkomba ye-refractive yejeli, kungenzeka ukuklama futhi wenze amadivaysi anezici ezifanelana ne-optical, njengamagagasi amagagasi, amalensi, noma izihlungi. Ikhono lokulawula ngokunembile inkomba ye-refractive inika amandla ukuthuthukiswa kwamadivayisi ngokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe, njengamagagasi okulahlekelwa okuphansi noma ama-couplers okukhanya asebenza kahle kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguquguquka kwejeli ye-silica optical organic kunenzuzo kakhulu kumadivayisi we-photonic namasekethe ahlanganisiwe. Imvelo yejeli ethambile futhi ethambile ivumela ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kuma-substrates agobile noma aguqukayo. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuvula amathuba amasha okwakhiwa kwemishini yenoveli, okuhlanganisa izibonisi eziguquguqukayo, okokugqoka okugqokekayo, noma izinzwa ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo. Ukuvumelana nezindawo ezingahleliwe kuvumela ukudala amasistimu okubona ahlangene futhi ahlukahlukene.
Ukwengeza, ijeli ye-silica ye-optical organic inikeza inzuzo yokuhambisana nezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokwenziwa. Ingabunjwa kalula, ibunjwe, noma yenziwe iphethini kusetshenziswa amasu okusanhlamvu, ukubumba, noma i-3D yokuphrinta. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo ekwenzeni kuvumela ukufezeka kwezakhiwo zedivayisi eziyinkimbinkimbi nokuhlanganiswa nezinye izinto noma izingxenye. Isibonelo, ijeli ingaphrintwa ngokuqondile kuma-substrates noma ihlanganiswe nezinto zokwakha ze-semiconductor, kube lula ukuthuthukiswa kwamadivayisi we-hybrid photonic kanye namasekethe ahlanganisiwe.
Ukungafihli kwejeli ye-silica ephilayo kungenye impahla ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwezithombe. Ijeli ibonisa ukucaca okuphezulu kwe-optical, evumela ukudluliswa kokukhanya okuphumelelayo ngokuhlakazeka okuncane noma ukumuncwa. Lokhu kukhanya kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza okuphezulu kwedivayisi, njengoba kunciphisa ukulahleka kwesignali futhi kuqinisekise ukulawula ukukhanya okunembile ngaphakathi kwamadivayisi. Ukucaca kwejeli kuphinde kunikeze amandla ukuhlanganiswa kwemisebenzi ehlukahlukene yokubona, njengokutholwa kokukhanya, ukushintshashintsha, noma ukuzwa, ngaphakathi kwedivayisi eyodwa noma isekethe.
Izinzwa ze-Optical kanye ne-Detector
Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica isivele njengento ethembisayo yezinzwa nezitholi. Izici zayo ezihlukile, ezihlanganisa inkomba ye-refractive eguqulekayo, ukuguquguquka, kanye nokubonisa ngale, ziyenza ifanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene zokuzwa. Lesi sihloko sizohlola ukusetshenziswa kwejeli ye-silica ephilayo kuma-optical sensors nama-detectors.
Izinzwa zamehlo nezitholi zibalulekile emikhakheni eyahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuqapha indawo ezungezile, ukuxilonga kwe-biomedical, nokuzwa kwezimboni. Basebenzisa ukusebenzisana phakathi kokukhanya nokokusebenza kwezinzwa ukuze bathole futhi balinganise amapharamitha athile noma izihlaziyi. Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica inikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa, ikwenze kube ukukhetha okukhangayo kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile inkomba ye-refractive ye-optical organic silica gel. Lesi sakhiwo sivumela ukuklanywa nokwakhiwa kwezinzwa ezinokuzwela okuthuthukisiwe nokukhetha. Ngokwakha ngokucophelela inkomba ye-refractive yejeli, kungenzeka ukukhulisa ukusebenzisana phakathi kokukhanya nezinto zokuzwa, okuholela emandleni okuthola athuthukisiwe. Lokhu kuvumelana kuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinzwa ezingase zihlanganyele ngokukhetha nabahlaziyi abathile noma ama-molecule, okuholela ekutholeni ukunemba okuthuthukisiwe.
Ukuguquguquka kwejeli ye-silica ye-optical organic kungenye imfanelo ebalulekile yezinzwa zamehlo nezitholi. Ijeli ingabunjwa, ibunjwe, noma ihlanganiswe kuma-substrates aguquguqukayo, okuvumela ukudalwa kwemishini yezinzwa evumelanayo negqokekayo. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuvumela ukuhlanganisa izinzwa ezindaweni ezigobile noma ezingajwayelekile, kwandiswe amathuba ezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nezinzwa zezinto eziphilayo ezigqokekayo noma amasistimu ezinzwa asabalalisiwe. Imvelo ethambile nethambile yejeli iphinde ithuthukise ukuqina nokuthembeka kokusebenza kwezinzwa.
Ukwengeza, ukucaca kwejeli ye-silica ephilayo kubalulekile kuzinzwa nezithonjana zamehlo. Ijeli ibonisa ukucaca okuphezulu kwe-optical, evumela ukudluliselwa kokukhanya okuphumelelayo ngezinto zokuzwa. Lokhu kukhanyela kuqinisekisa ukutholwa okunembile kanye nokukalwa kwamasignali okubona, kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwesignali kanye nokuhlanekezela. Ukukhanyela kwejeli kuphinde kunikeze amandla ukuhlanganiswa kwezingxenye ze-optical ezengeziwe, njengemithombo yokukhanya noma izihlungi, ngaphakathi kwedivayisi yenzwa, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwayo.
Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica ingenziwa isebenze ngokuhlanganisa ama-dopants athile ezinto eziphilayo noma ezingaphili ku-matrix yejeli. Lokhu kusebenza kuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinzwa ezingase zihlanganyele ngokukhetha nabahlaziyi abaqondiwe noma ama-molecule. Isibonelo, ijeli ingafakwa ngama-molecule e-fluorescent abonisa amandla e-fluorescence noma ukuguqulwa kwe-spectrum lapho ibophezela kumhlaziyi othile. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinzwa zamehlo ezizwela kakhulu nezikhethayo ezinhlelweni ezihlukene, okuhlanganisa inzwa yamakhemikhali, ukuqapha kwemvelo, nokuxilongwa kwe-biomedical.
Izakhiwo ze-Optical ezingaqondile
Izakhiwo ze-Optical ezingaqondile zibalulekile ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ezokuxhumana, ubuchwepheshe be-laser, nokucubungula isignali yokubona. Amajeli e-silica e-organic, ahlanganiswe ne-silica nanoparticles ye-inorganic afakwe ku-matrix ephilayo, adonse ukunaka okuphawulekayo ngenxa yezakhiwo zawo eziyingqayizivele kanye namandla okubona okungaqondile.
Amajeli e-silica e-organic abonisa uchungechunge lwezenzakalo ze-optical ezingaqondile, okuhlanganisa umphumela we-Kerr obonakalayo, ukumuncwa kwezithombe ezimbili, kanye nesizukulwane se-harmonic. Umthelela we-Kerr obonakalayo ubhekisela ekushintsheni kwenkomba ye-refractive edalwe inkambu yokukhanya okukhulu. Lo mphumela ubalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezifana nokushintsha nokushintshashintsha kwe-all-optical. Amajeli e-silica ezinto eziphilayo angabonisa ukungafani okukhulu kwe-Kerr ngenxa yesakhiwo sawo esiyingqayizivele nama-chromophore ephilayo ngaphakathi kwe-matrix.
Ukumuncwa kwezithombe ezimbili (i-TPA) kungenye into engabonakali ebonwa kumajeli e-silica ephilayo. I-TPA ibandakanya ukumuncwa kanyekanye kwama-photon amabili, okuholela ekushintsheleni esimweni senjabulo. Le nqubo inika amandla ukugcinwa kwedatha ye-optical enezinhlangothi ezintathu, i-imaging yokucaca okuphezulu, kanye nokwelashwa kwe-photodynamic. Amajeli we-silica we-organic anama-chromophore afanelekile angabonisa isigaba esiphezulu se-TPA, evumela izinqubo ezisebenzayo zama-photon amabili.
I-Harmonic generation inqubo engaqondile lapho ama-photon esigameko aguqulwa abe ama-harmonics we-oda eliphezulu. Amajeli we-silica we-organic angabonisa isizukulwane sesibili nesesithathu se-harmonic, awenze athandeke ekusetshenzisweni kokuphindaphinda kabili nokuphindaphinda kabili. Ukuhlanganisa i-nanostructure yabo eyingqayizivele nama-chromophore ephilayo kunika amandla ukuguqulwa kwamandla okusebenzayo kanye nokuba sengozini okuphezulu okungaqondile.
Izakhiwo ze-optical ezingekho emgqeni zamajeli e-silica e-organic zingalungiswa ngokulawula ukwakheka kwawo kanye ne-nanostructure. Ukukhethwa kwama-chromophore ephilayo nokugxila kwawo ngaphakathi kwe-matrix yejeli kungaba nomthelela kubukhulu bemiphumela yokubona engaqondile. Ukwengeza, ubukhulu nokusatshalaliswa kwe-silica nanoparticles ye-inorganic kungaba nomthelela ekuphenduleni okuphelele okungaqondile. Ngokwenza kahle le mingcele, kungenzeka ukuthi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwe-optical nonlinear kwama-organic silica gels.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amajeli e-silica e-organic anikeza ukuguquguquka, ukucaca, kanye nokusetshenzwa, okuwenza afanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene zedivayisi yokubona. Angenziwa kalula abe amafilimu amancane noma ahlanganiswe nezinye izinto, okuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini yokubona engaqondile futhi eguquguqukayo. Ukwengeza, i-matrix ephilayo inikeza ukuzinza nokuvikelwa kwemishini ye-nanoparticles eshumekiwe, iqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwesikhathi eside kwezakhiwo ze-optical nonlinear.
I-Biocompatibility kanye nezicelo ze-Biomedical
Izinto ezisetshenziswa yi-Biocompatible zibalulekile ekusetshenzisweni okuhlukahlukene kwe-biomedical, kusukela ezinhlelweni zokulethwa kwezidakamizwa kuye kubunjiniyela bezicubu. Amajeli e-silica e-Optical organic silica, akhiwe ngama-silica nanoparticles angaphili ashumekwe ku-organic matrix, anikeza inhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yezinto ezibonakalayo kanye ne-biocompatibility, ezenza zikhange ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene ze-biomedical.
I-Biocompatibility iyisidingo esiyisisekelo sanoma iyiphi into ehloselwe ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha. Amajeli e-silica e-Optical organic abonisa ukuhambisana okuhle kakhulu kwe-biocompatibility ngenxa yokwakheka kwawo kanye ne-nanostructure. I-inorganic silica nanoparticles inikeza ukuzinza kwemishini, kuyilapho i-organic matrix inikeza ukuguquguquka nokuhambisana nezinhlelo zebhayoloji. Lezi zinto azinabo ubuthi futhi ziboniswe zinemiphumela emibi emincane kumaseli nezicubu, okuzenza zifanelekele ukusetshenziswa ku-vivo.
Esinye sezicelo ezibalulekile ze-biomedical zamajeli e-silica optical organic sisezinhlelweni zokulethwa kwezidakamizwa. Isakhiwo se-porous sama-gel sivumela amandla aphezulu okulayisha ama-ejenti okwelapha, njengezidakamizwa noma izakhi zofuzo. Ukukhishwa kwalawa ma-ejenti kungalawulwa ngokushintsha ukwakheka kwejeli noma ngokuhlanganisa izingxenye ezisabelayo ezishukumisayo. Izici zokubona zamajeli ziphinde zinike amandla ukuqapha ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa ngesikhathi sangempela ngokusebenzisa amasu afana ne-fluorescence noma i-Raman spectroscopy.
Amajeli e-Optical organic silica nawo angasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-bioimaging. Ukuba khona kwama-chromophores ephilayo ngaphakathi kwe-gel matrix kuvumela ukulebula kwe-fluorescence, okuvumela ukubonakala ngeso nokulandelela amaseli nezicubu. Amajeli angasetshenziswa ngokukhomba ama-ligand ukuze alebule ngokuqondile amaseli noma izicubu ezigulayo, asize ekutholakaleni kusenesikhathi nokuxilongwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhanya kwamajeli okubonakalayo ebangeni elibonakalayo neliseduze ne-infrared kuwenza afanelekele amasu ezithombe afana ne-optical coherence tomography noma i-multiphoton microscopy.
Okunye ukusetshenziswa okuthembisayo kwamajeli e-silica ephilayo kusekunjiniyela kwezicubu. Isakhiwo se-porous sama-gel sinikeza indawo ekahle yokukhula kwamangqamuzana nokuvuselelwa kwezicubu. Ama-gel angasetshenziswa ngama-molecule e-bioactive ukuthuthukisa ukunamathela kwamaselula, ukwanda, nokuhlukanisa. Ukwengeza, izakhiwo ze-optical zama-gel zingasetshenziselwa ukuvuselela okubukwayo kwamaseli, okuvumela ukulawula okunembile kwezinqubo zokuvuselela izicubu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-silica gels e-optical organic organic abonise amandla ku-optogenetics, ehlanganisa optics kanye nezakhi zofuzo ukulawula umsebenzi weselula usebenzisa ukukhanya. Ngokuhlanganisa ama-molecule azwela ukukhanya ku-matrix yejeli, amajeli angasebenza njengama-substrates okukhula nokugqugquzela amaseli aphendula ukukhanya. Lokhu kuvula amathuba amasha okutadisha kanye nokulinganisa umsebenzi we-neural kanye nokuthuthukisa izindlela zokwelapha ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa.
Izihlungi ze-Optical kanye Nezingubo
Izihlungi zamehlo nezimbozwe ziyizingxenye ezibalulekile ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene zokubona, kusukela kumakhamera namalensi kuya kumasistimu e-laser nama-spectrometer. Amajeli e-silica e-Optical organic silica, akhiwe ngama-silica nanoparticles angaphili ashumekwe ku-organic matrix, ahlinzeka ngezakhiwo ezihlukile eziwenza athandeke kusihlungi sokubonwayo nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokumboza.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zamajeli e-silica e-optical organic organic amandla awo okulawula kanye nokushintsha ukukhanya ngokusebenzisa ukwakheka kwawo kanye ne-nanostructure. Ngokukhetha ngokucophelela usayizi nokusatshalaliswa kwe-silica nanoparticles ye-inorganic kanye nokuhlanganisa ama-chromophore ephilayo afanelekile, kungenzeka ukwenza izihlungi zokukhanya ezinezici ezithile zokudlulisela noma zokubonisa. Lezi zihlungi zingadlulisa noma zivimbe ubude begagasi obuthile, zinike amandla ukukhetha ubude beza, ukuhlunga imibala, noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zokunciphisa ukukhanya.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka okunezimbotshana zamajeli kuvumela ukuhlanganisa ama-dopants ahlukahlukene noma izithasiselo, kuthuthukise ngokwengeziwe amandla azo okuhlunga. Isibonelo, odayi noma amachashazi e-quantum angashumekwa ku-matrix yejeli ukuze kufinyelelwe ukuhlunga kwebhande elincane noma ukukhishwa kwe-fluorescence. Ngokulungisa ukugxilisa ingqondo nohlobo lwama-dopants, izici zokubonwa kwezihlungi zingalawulwa ngokunembile, zinike amandla ama-optical coatings aklanywe ngokwezifiso.
Amajeli e-silica e-Optical organic angasetshenziswa njengezingubo zokulwa nokubukisa. Inkomba ye-refractive ye-matrix yejeli ingalungiswa ukuze ifane naleyo ye-substrate material, kuncishiswe ukulahlekelwa kokubonisa futhi kukhuliswe ukudluliswa kokukhanya. Ukwengeza, imvelo enezimbotshana zamajeli ingasetshenziswa ukwakha amaphrofayili enkomba ye-refractive esezingeni, kuncishiswe ukuvela kokubonakala kwendawo ngaphezu kobubanzi obubanzi bamaza. Lokhu kwenza ama-gel afanelekele ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kwezinhlelo ze-optical.
Esinye isici esibalulekile sezihlungi ze-optical kanye nama-coatings ukuqina nokuqina kwazo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Amajeli e-silica e-Optical organic abonisa amandla amahle kakhulu emishini kanye nokumelana nezinto zemvelo ezifana nezinga lokushisa nomswakama. I-silica nanoparticles ye-inorganic inikeza ukuqiniswa kwemishini, ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka noma ukuchithwa kwezingubo. I-organic matrix ivikela ama-nanoparticles ekonakalisweni futhi iqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwesikhathi eside kwezihlungi nezendlalelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguquguquka nokucutshungulwa kwamajeli we-silica optical organic kunikeza izinzuzo ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa kokumboza. Amajeli angafakwa ngokushesha kuma-substrates ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izindawo ezigobile noma ezingahleliwe, ngokusebenzisa i-spin coating noma i-dip coating. Lokhu kunika amandla ukukhiqizwa kwezihlungi ezibonakalayo kanye nama-optical optics anomumo oyinkimbinkimbi noma ama-substrates avumelana nezimo, ukwandisa amandla azo ezinhlelweni ezifana namadivayisi agqokekayo noma izibonisi ezigobekayo.
Ama-Optical Fibers kanye Nezinhlelo Zokuxhumana
Imicu yokubona kanye nezinhlelo zokuxhumana zibalulekile ekudluliselweni kwedatha ngesivinini esikhulu kanye nokuxhumana ngocingo. Amajeli e-silica e-Optical organic silica, akhiwe ngama-silica nanoparticles angaphili ashumekwe ku-organic matrix, anikeza izici ezihlukile ezizenza zikhange ku-optical fiber kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zesistimu yokuxhumana.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zamajeli we-silica optical organic ukubonakala kwawo okuhle kakhulu. I-inorganic silica nanoparticles inikeza inkomba ephezulu ye-refractive, kuyilapho i-organic matrix inikeza ukuzinza nokuvikelwa kwemishini. Le nhlanganisela ivumela ukudluliswa kokukhanya okuphansi kokulahlekelwa okuphansi kumabanga amade, okwenza amajeli e-silica e-organic optical afanele ukusetshenziswa njengama-optical fiber cores.
Isakhiwo esinezimbotshana zamajeli singasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwemicu yokubona. Ukwethula izimbobo zomoya noma ama-voids ngaphakathi kwe-gel matrix kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukudala imicu ye-photonic crystal. Lawa mafayibha abonisa izici eziyingqayizivele eziqondisa ukukhanya, ezifana nokusebenza kwemodi eyodwa noma izindawo zemodi enkulu, ezizuzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukudluliswa kwamandla aphezulu noma ukuphathwa kokuhlakazwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amajeli e-silica e-optical organic angakhelwa izici ezithile zokuhlakazeka. Ngokuhlanganisa ukwakheka kanye ne-nanostructure, kungenzeka ukulawula ukuhlakazeka kwe-chromatic kwento, okuthinta ukusakazeka kwamaza ahlukene okukhanya. Lokhu kuvumela ukuklanywa kwemicu yokuhlakazeka noma enxephezela ukuhlakazeka, okubalulekile ekwehliseni imithelela yokuhlakazeka ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ezibonakalayo.
Amajeli e-silica e-Optical organic aphinde anikeze izinzuzo ngokuya ngezakhiwo ze-optical ezingaqondile. Amajeli angabonisa izinto ezinkulu ezingezona umugqa, njengomphumela we-Kerr obonakalayo noma ukumuncwa kwama-photon amabili, okungaboshelwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, angasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa amadivayisi okucubungula amasignali abona konke, okuhlanganisa ukuguqulwa kwe-wavelength, ukumodulisa, noma ukushintsha. Izakhiwo ezingezona ze-gel zivumela ukudluliswa kwedatha okuphumelelayo nesivinini esikhulu ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ze-optical.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguquguquka nokucutshungulwa kwamajeli e-silica ephilayo awenza afanelekele imiklamo ekhethekile ye-fiber optical. Angalolongwa kalula abe yi-fiber geometries, njengemicu ecijile noma ene-microstructured, evumela ukuthuthukiswa kwamadivayisi asekelwe ku-fiber ahlangene futhi ahlukahlukene. Lawa madivayisi angasetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nenzwa, i-bioimaging, noma i-endoscopy, ukwandisa amakhono wesistimu ye-fiber optical ngaphezu kokuxhumana ngocingo okuvamile.
Enye inzuzo ye-optical organic silica gels i-biocompatibility yawo, okuwenza afanelekele ukusetshenziswa kwe-biomedical ekuxilongweni nasekwelapheni okusekelwe ku-fiber. Izinzwa ezisekelwe ku-fiber nama-probe zingahlanganiswa namajeli, okuvumela ukuqapha noma ukwelashwa okungavamisile. I-biocompatibility yama-gel iqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezinhlelo zezinto eziphilayo futhi inciphisa ingozi yokusabela okubi noma ukulimala kwezicubu.
Display Technologies kanye Transparent Electronics
Ubuchwepheshe bokubonisa nezinto zikagesi ezibonisa ngale zidlala indima ebalulekile ezinhlelweni ezihlukene, okuhlanganisa izinto zikagesi zabathengi, okungokoqobo okuthuthukisiwe, namafasitela akhanyayo. Amajeli e-silica e-Optical organic silica, akhiwe ngama-silica nanoparticles angaphili ashumekwe ku-organic matrix, anikeza izici ezihlukile ezibenza bathandeke kulobu buchwepheshe.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zamajeli e-silica e-optical organic ukucaca kwawo ebangeni elibonakalayo le-electromagnetic spectrum. I-inorganic silica nanoparticles inikeza inkomba ephezulu ye-refractive, kuyilapho i-organic matrix inikeza ukuzinza nokuguquguquka kwemishini. Le nhlanganisela ivumela ukuthuthukiswa kwamafilimu abonisa ngale kanye nezingubo ezingasetshenziswa kubuchwepheshe bokubonisa.
Amajeli e-Optical organic silica angasetshenziswa njengama-electrode asobala, ashintshe ama-electrode avamile e-indium tin oxide (ITO). Amajeli angacutshungulwa abe amafilimu amancane, avumelana nezimo, naqhubayo, okuvumela ukwenziwa kwezikrini zokuthintwa ezibonisa ngale, izibonisi eziguquguqukayo, nezinto zikagesi ezigqokekayo. Ukucaca okuphezulu kwamajeli kuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kokukhanya okuhle kakhulu, okuholela ezithombeni zokubonisa ezigqamile nezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguquguquka nokucutshungulwa kwamajeli e-silica ephilayo awenza afanelekele ukusetshenziswa kwesibonisi esivumelana nezimo. Amajeli angabunjwa abe amafomu ahlukahlukene, njengezibonisi ezigobile noma ezigoqekayo, ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni izici zazo zokubona. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuvula amathuba amasha wamadivayisi wokubonisa amasha naphathekayo, afaka ama-smartphones aguquguqukayo, izikrini eziqengqelekayo, noma izibonisi ezigqokekayo.
Ngokungeziwe ekukhanyeni kwawo kanye nokuguquguquka, amajeli e-silica e-optical organic angabonisa ezinye izinto ezifiselekayo zobuchwepheshe bokubonisa. Isibonelo, zingaba nokuzinza okuhle kakhulu kwe-thermal, okuzivumela ukuthi zimelane namazinga okushisa aphezulu okuhlangatshezwane nazo ngesikhathi sokwenziwa kwesibonisi. Amajeli nawo angaba nokunamathela okuhle kuma-substrates ahlukahlukene, aqinisekise ukuqina nokuthembeka kwamadivayisi wokubonisa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amajeli e-silica e-optical organic angenziwa unjiniyela ukuze abonise imiphumela ethile yokubuka, njengokuhlakazeka okukhanyayo noma i-diffraction. Lesi sakhiwo singasetshenziselwa ukudala izihlungi zobumfihlo, amafilimu okulawula okuthambile, noma izibonisi ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu. Amajeli angenziwa iphethini noma akhiwe ukuze alawule ukusakazeka kokukhanya, athuthukise umuzwa obonakalayo futhi angeze ukusebenza ukuze abonise ubuchwepheshe.
Okunye ukusetshenziswa okuthembisayo kwamajeli e-silica e-organic silica kuku-electronics transparent. Ama-gel angasebenza njengezinto ze-dielectric noma ama-insulators esango kuma-transistors asobala kanye namasekethe ahlanganisiwe. Imishini kagesi eyisibonelo ingenziwa ngokuhlanganisa ama-semiconductors ezinto eziphilayo noma ezingaphili namajeli. Lawa madivayisi angasetshenziswa kumasekhethi anengqondo athambile, izinzwa, noma amasistimu okuthola amandla.
Amajeli e-silica e-Optical organic angasetshenziswa futhi kumafasitela akhanyayo kanye nengilazi yezakhiwo. Amajeli angafakwa ezinhlelweni ze-electrochromic noma ze-thermochromic, okuvumela ukulawula obala noma umbala wengilazi. Lobu buchwepheshe buthola izinhlelo zokusebenza ezakhiweni ezonga amandla, ukulawula ubumfihlo, nokunciphisa i-glare, okunikeza ukunethezeka okuthuthukisiwe nokusebenza.
Amapuleti e-Optical Wave nama-Polarizers
Amapuleti e-Optical wave nama-polarizer ayizingxenye ezibalulekile kumasistimu okubona ukuze asebenzise isimo sokukhanya kwe-polarization. Amajeli e-silica e-Optical organic silica, ahlanganiswe ne-silica nanoparticles ye-inorganic ashumekwe ku-organic matrix, anikeza izici ezihlukile ezizenza zikhange ku-optical wave plate kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-polarizer.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zamajeli we-silica obonakalayo amandla awo okulawula ukuhlukaniswa kokukhanya ngokusebenzisa ukwakheka kwawo kanye ne-nanostructure. Ngokukhetha ngokucophelela usayizi nokusatshalaliswa kwe-silica nanoparticles ye-inorganic kanye nokuhlanganisa ama-chromophore ephilayo afanelekile, kungenzeka ukwenza amapuleti e-optical wave nama-polarizer anezici ezithile ze-polarization.
Amapuleti e-Optical wave, aziwa nangokuthi amapuleti e-retardation, ethula ukubambezeleka kwesigaba phakathi kwezingxenye ze-polarization zokukhanya kwesigameko. Amajeli e-silica e-Optical organic angadizayina ukuthi abe nezakhiwo ezi-birefringent, okusho ukuthi abonisa izinkomba ezihlukile zokuphendula eziqondisweni ezihlukene ze-polarization. Ngokulawula ukuma nokuqina kwejeli, kungenzeka ukuthi udale amapuleti amagagasi anamanani athile okubuyisela emuva kanye nezimo. Lawa ma-wave plate athola izinhlelo zokusebenza ekukhohlisweni kwe-polarization, njengokulawula i-polarization, ukuhlaziywa kwe-polarization, noma isinxephezelo semiphumela ye-birefringence kumasistimu okubona.
Amajeli e-silica e-Optical organic angasetshenziswa njengama-polarizer, adlulisa ngokukhetha ukukhanya kwesimo esithile sokuhlukanisa kuyilapho kuvimbela i-orthogonal polarization. Ukuma nokusatshalaliswa kwe-silica nanoparticles ye-inorganic ngaphakathi kwe-gel matrix kungenziwa ngendlela efanele ukuze kuzuzwe izilinganiso zokuqothulwa okuphezulu kanye nobandlululo olusebenzayo lwe-polarization. Lawa ma-polarizer athola izinhlelo zokusebenza kumasistimu okubona ahlukahlukene, njengezibonisi, ukuxhumana okubonakalayo, noma i-polarimetry.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguquguquka nokucutshungulwa kwamajeli e-silica optical organic kunikeza izinzuzo ekwenzeni amapuleti amaza nama-polarizer. Amajeli angabunjwa kalula abe amajiyometri ahlukene, njengamafilimu amancane, amafayibha, noma ama-microstructures, okuvumela ukuhlanganisa lezi zingxenye ohlelweni olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokubona. Ukuzinza kwemishini kwama-gel kuqinisekisa ukuqina nokusebenza kwesikhathi eside kwamapuleti amagagasi nama-polarizers.
Enye inzuzo ye-optical organic silica gels i-tunability yabo. Izici zamajeli, njenge-refractive index noma i-birefringence, zingalawulwa ngokulungisa ukwakheka noma ukuba khona kwama-dopants noma izithasiselo. Lokhu kuvumelana kuvumela ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kwamapuleti amaza nama-polarizer kububanzi obuthile be-wavelength noma izimo ze-polarization, okuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka kwawo nokusebenza kumasistimu ahlukene okubona.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-biocompatibility yama-optical organic silica gels iwenza afanelekele i-bioimaging, i-biomedical diagnostics, noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuzwa. Amajeli angahlanganiswa ezinhlelweni ze-optical for imaging-sensitive polarization noma ukutholwa kwamasampula ezinto eziphilayo. Ukuhambisana kwamajeli nezinhlelo zebhayoloji kunciphisa ubungozi bokusabela okungekuhle futhi kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwawo ezinhlelweni ze-biophotonic.
I-Optical Imaging kanye ne-Microscopy
I-Optical imaging kanye namasu e-microscopy abalulekile ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene zesayensi nezokwelapha, okuvumela ukubonwa nokuhlaziywa kwezakhiwo ezincane kakhulu. Amajeli e-silica e-Optical organic silica, ahlanganiswe ne-silica nanoparticles ye-inorganic ashumekwe ku-organic matrix, anikeza izici ezihlukile ezizenza zikhange ekubonweni kwe-optical imaging kanye ne-microscopy.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zamajeli e-silica optical organic ukucaca kwawo nokuhlakazeka kokukhanya okuphansi. I-inorganic silica nanoparticles inikeza inkomba ephezulu ye-refractive, kuyilapho i-organic matrix inikeza ukuzinza nokuvikelwa kwemishini. Le nhlanganisela ivumela ukuthwebula izithombe kwekhwalithi ephezulu ngokunciphisa ukuncisha ukukhanya nokusabalalisa, ukukhiqiza izithombe ezicacile nezibukhali.
Amajeli e-silica e-Optical organic angasetshenziswa njengamafasitela abonakalayo noma iziliphu zokusethwa kwe-microscopy. Ukukhanyela kwazo ebangeni elibonakalayo neliseduze ne-infrared kuvumela ukudluliswa kokukhanya okuphumelelayo, okuvumela ukuthwebula izithombe ezinemininingwane yezibonelo. Amajeli angacutshungulwa abe amafilimu amancane, aguquguqukayo noma ama-slides, awenze afanelekele amasu avamile we-microscopy ethambile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka okunezimbotshana kwamajeli e-silica e-optical organic kungasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa amakhono ezithombe. Amajeli angenziwa asebenze ngodayi be-fluorescent noma amachashazi we-quantum, angasetshenziswa njengama-ejenti ahlukile wezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile zesithombe. Ukufaka lawa ma-ejenti wokuthwebula izithombe ngaphakathi kwe-matrix yejeli kunika amandla ukulebula nokubonwa kwezakhiwo ezithile zamaselula noma ama-biomolecules, okuhlinzeka ngemininingwane ebalulekile ezinqubweni zebhayoloji.
Amajeli e-silica e-Optical organic angasetshenziswa futhi kumasu okuthwebula athuthukile, njenge-confocal noma i-multiphoton microscopy. Ukukhanya okuphezulu kwe-gel kanye ne-autofluorescence ephansi kuwenza afanelekele ukuthwebula izithombe ekujuleni kwamasampula ebhayoloji. Amajeli angasebenza njengamafasitela abonakalayo noma izibambi zesampula, okuvumela ukugxila okunembayo nokufanekisa kwezifunda ezithile ezithakaselwayo.
Ukwengeza, ukuguquguquka nokucutshungulwa kwamajeli e-silica optical organic kunikeza izinzuzo ekuthuthukiseni amadivaysi e-microfluidic ohlelo lokusebenza lokucabanga. Ama-gel angabunjwa abe ama-microchannel noma amagumbi, okuvumela ukuhlanganiswa kwamapulatifomu ezithombe nokugeleza koketshezi okulawulwayo. Lokhu kuvumela ukubhekwa kwesikhathi sangempela nokuhlaziywa kwezinqubo eziguquguqukayo, njengokufuduka kwamaseli noma ukusebenzisana kwe-fluidic.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-biocompatibility ye-optical organic silica gels iwenza afanelekele ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe ku-biology nemithi. Amajeli aboniswe ukuthi ane-cytotoxicity encane futhi angasetshenziswa ngokuphepha namasampula ezinto eziphilayo. Angaqashwa ezinhlelweni zokuthwebula izithombe ocwaningweni lwebhayoloji, njengokuthwebula kweseli ephilayo, ukuthwebula kwezicubu, noma ukuxilonga nge-in vitro.
Ukuzwa Nokuqapha Imvelo
Ukuzwa nokuqapha imvelo kubalulekile ekuqondeni nasekulawuleni imvelo yomhlaba kanye nemithombo yemvelo. Kubandakanya ukuqoqa nokuhlaziya idatha ehlobene nemingcele ehlukahlukene yendawo ezungezile, njengekhwalithi yomoya, izinga lamanzi, izimo zezulu, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Le mizamo yokuqapha ihlose ukuhlola isimo sendawo ezungezile, ukuhlonza izinsongo ezingase zibe khona, kanye nokusekela izinqubo zokuthatha izinqumo zentuthuko esimeme nokongiwa.
Enye yezindawo ezibalulekile zokuzwa nokuqapha imvelo ukuhlola izinga lomoya. Ngokukhula kwamadolobha kanye nezimboni, ukungcoliswa komoya sekuyinkinga enkulu. Amasistimu okuqapha akala ukugxila kokungcolisa, okuhlanganisa izinhlayiya, i-nitrogen dioxide, i-ozone, nezinhlanganisela zezinto eziphilayo eziguquguqukayo. Lezi zinzwa zisatshalaliswa ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, ezindaweni zezimboni, kanye nemithombo eseduze yokungcoliswa kwemvelo ukuze kulandelelwe amazinga okungcola nokuhlonza izindawo ezithandwa kakhulu, okuvumela abakhi benqubomgomo ukuthi basebenzise ukungenelela okuhlosiwe futhi bathuthukise ikhwalithi yomoya.
Ukuqapha izinga lamanzi kungenye ingxenye ebalulekile yokuzwa imvelo. Kubandakanya ukuhlola izici zemizimba yamanzi zamakhemikhali, ezomzimba, kanye nezebhayoloji. Amasistimu okuqapha akala amapharamitha afana ne-pH, izinga lokushisa, umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe, i-turbidity, nokugxilisana kokungcola okufana nezinsimbi ezisindayo nemisoco. Iziteshi zokuqapha zesikhathi sangempela kanye nobuchwepheshe benzwa bekude bunikeza idatha ebalulekile ngekhwalithi yamanzi, esiza ukuthola imithombo yokungcoliswa, ukuphatha imithombo yamanzi, nokuvikela imvelo yasemanzini.
Ukuqapha isimo sezulu kubalulekile ukuze uqonde amaphethini wesimo sezulu kanye noshintsho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ikala izinga lokushisa, imvula, umswakama, isivinini somoya, nemisebe yelanga. Amanethiwekhi okuqapha isimo sezulu ahlanganisa iziteshi zesimo sezulu, amasathelayithi, nobunye ubuchwepheshe benzwa obukude. Lezi zinhlelo zihlinzeka ngedatha yokufanisa isimo sezulu, ukubikezela isimo sezulu, nokuhlola ukuthambekela kwesimo sezulu sesikhathi eside, ukusekela ukuthathwa kwezinqumo kwezolimo, ukulawulwa kwezinhlekelele, nokuhlelwa kwengqalasizinda.
Ukuqapha ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo kulandelela ukuchichima kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zemvelo, ukusatshalaliswa, nempilo. Kubandakanya izinhlolovo zenkundla, ukuzwa okukude, kanye nezinhlelo zesayensi yezakhamizi. Ukuqapha ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo kusiza ososayensi nabalondolozi bemvelo baqonde imithelela yokulahlekelwa indawo yokuhlala, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, kanye nezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezihlaselayo. Ngokuqapha ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo, singakwazi ukubona izinhlobo zezilwane ezisengozini, sihlole ukusebenza kwezinyathelo zokulondoloza imvelo, futhi senze izinqumo ezinolwazi zokuvikela nokubuyisela imvelo.
Intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe ithuthukise kakhulu amakhono okuzwa imvelo nokuqapha. Amanethiwekhi ezinzwa ezingenantambo, izithombe zesathelayithi, ama-drones, namadivayisi e-IoT enze ukuqoqwa kwedatha kusebenze kahle, kungabizi kakhulu, futhi kufinyeleleke. Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha nama-algorithms okufunda komshini kunika amandla ukucutshungulwa nokuchazwa kwamadathasethi amakhulu, okusiza ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kwezingozi zemvelo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamasu asebenzayo.
Amaseli eSolar Nokuvuna Amandla
Amandla elanga angumthombo wamandla ovuselelekayo nohlanzekile ophethe amandla amakhulu okubhekana nezidingo zethu zamandla ezikhulayo. Amaseli elanga, aziwa nangokuthi amaseli e-photovoltaic, abalulekile ekuguquleni ukukhanya kwelanga kube ugesi. Amaseli elanga endabuko enziwe ngokuyinhloko ngezinto ezingaphili njenge-silicon, kodwa kunentshisekelo ekhulayo yokuhlola izinto eziphilayo zokuvuna amandla elanga. Enye yezinto ezinjalo ijeli ye-silica ye-optical organic, enikeza izinzuzo eziyingqayizivele kubuchwepheshe be-solar cell.
Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica iwumsebenzi oguquguqukayo onezici zokubona ezihlukile, ezihlanganisa ukukhanya okuphezulu kanye ne-spectrum yokumunca ebanzi. Lezi zakhiwo ziyenza ikufanelekele kahle ukuthwebula ukukhanya kwelanga kumaza ahlukene ahlukene, okuvumela ukuguqulwa kwamandla okusebenzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imvelo yayo eguquguqukayo yenza ukuhlanganiswa kwayo ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nezakhiwo ezigobile neziguquguqukayo, ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka kwamaseli elanga.
Inqubo yokwenziwa kwamaseli elanga esebenzisa ijeli ye-silica optical organic ihilela izinyathelo ezimbalwa. Ijeli ye-silica iqala ukuhlanganiswa futhi icutshungulwe ukuze kuzuzwe i-morphology efiselekayo nezici ze-optical. Ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile, ingenziwa njengefilimu elincanyana noma ishumekwe ngaphakathi kwe-polymer matrix. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo ekwakhiweni kwezinto ezibonakalayo kuvumela ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kwamaseli elanga ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zokuvuna amandla.
Uma ijeli ye-silica ye-optical ye-organic optical isilungisiwe, ifakwa kudivayisi yeseli yelanga. Ijeli isebenza njengesendlalelo esibamba ukukhanya, sithwebula ama-photon avela elangeni futhi siqalise inqubo ye-photovoltaic. Njengoba ama-photon amuncwa, akhiqiza amapheya e-electron-hole, ahlukaniswe inkambu kagesi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwedivayisi. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kudala ukugeleza kwama-electron, okuholela ekukhiqizeni kwamandla kagesi.
Enye yezinzuzo eziphawulekayo ze-optical organic silica gel-based solar cells ukusebenza kahle kwawo kwezindleko. Uma kuqhathaniswa namaseli elanga endabuko angaphili, izinto eziphilayo zingakhiqizwa ngezindleko eziphansi futhi zicutshungulwe kusetshenziswa amasu okwakha aqondile. Lokhu kufinyeleleka kubenza babe inketho ethembisayo yokuthunyelwa kwenani elikhulu, okunomthelela ekwamukelweni okusabalele kwamandla elanga.
Kodwa-ke, amaseli elanga asuselwa ku-organic silica organic silica nawo ahlotshaniswa nezinselele. Izinto ze-organic ngokuvamile zisebenza kahle kakhulu kunozakwabo wezinto ezingaphili ngenxa yokuhamba okulinganiselwe kwenkampani yenethiwekhi nokukhathazeka kokusimama. Abacwaningi basebenza ngenkuthalo ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza nokuzinza kwamaseli elanga ephilayo ngobunjiniyela bezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokwenza kahle kwedivayisi.
Ukuphrinta kwe-3D kanye Nokukhiqiza Okungeziwe
Ukuphrinta kwe-3D nokukhiqiza okungeziwe kuye kwaguqula imboni yokukhiqiza ngokuvumela ukudalwa kwezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ezenziwe ngezifiso ngokunemba okuphezulu nokusebenza kahle. Yize lezi zindlela zisetshenziswa kakhulu ngezinto zendabuko ezifana namapulasitiki nezinsimbi, kunentshisekelo ekhulayo yokuhlola amandla azo ngezinto ezintsha ezifana nejeli ye-silica ephilayo. Ukuphrinta kwe-3D nokwenza okungeziwe kwejeli ye-silica ephilayo kunikeza izinzuzo ezihlukile futhi kuvule amathuba amasha ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene.
Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica iwumsebenzi oguquguqukayo onezici zokubona ezihlukile, okuyenza ifanelekele ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa okokubona, izinzwa, namadivayisi wokuvuna amandla. Ngokusebenzisa ukuphrinta kwe-3D namasu okukhiqiza okungeziwe, kuba nokwenzeka ukwenza izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi namaphethini ngokulawula okunembile phezu kokwakheka kwezinto kanye nejometri.
Inqubo ye-3D yokuphrinta ijeli ye-silica ephilayo ihlanganisa izinyathelo ezimbalwa. Ijeli ye-silica ilungiswa ekuqaleni ngokuyihlanganisa nokuyicubungula ukuze kuzuzwe izici ezifiselekayo ze-optical. Ijeli ingakhiwa ngezithasiselo noma odayi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwayo, njengokumunca ukukhanya noma ukuphuma. Uma ijeli isilungisiwe, ilayishwa kuphrinta ye-3D noma uhlelo lokukhiqiza olungeziwe.
Iphrinta ye-3D ifaka futhi iqinise isendlalelo sejeli ye-organic silica ebonakalayo ngesikhathi senqubo yokuphrinta, ilandela imodeli yedijithali eklanywe kusengaphambili. Ikhanda lephrinta lilawula ngokunembile ukubekwa kwejeli, livumela ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi neziyinkimbinkimbi. Kuye ngohlelo oluthile, amasu okuphrinta e-3D ahlukene, njenge-stereolithography noma ukuphrinta kwe-inkjet, angasetshenziswa ukuze kuzuzwe ukulungiswa okufunayo nokunemba.
Ikhono lokuphrinta ijeli ye-silica ephilayo ye-3D linikeza izinzuzo eziningi. Okokuqala, ivumela ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezimise okwezifiso nezihlotshiswe kakhulu okunzima ukuzifinyelela ngezindlela zokwenziwa ezijwayelekile. Leli khono liyigugu ezinhlelweni ezifana ne-micro-optics, lapho ukulawula okunembayo phezu komumo nobukhulu bezingxenye zokubona kubalulekile.
Okwesibili, ukuphrinta kwe-3D kunika amandla ukuhlanganiswa kwejeli ye-silica ye-optical organic nezinye izinto noma izingxenye, okusiza ukwakhiwa kwamadivayisi asebenzayo. Isibonelo, ama-waveguides optical noma ama-light-emitting diode (ama-LED) angahlanganiswa ngokuqondile nezakhiwo eziphrintiwe ze-3D, okuholela kumasistimu e-optoelectronic ahlangene futhi asebenza kahle.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasu okukhiqiza okungeziwe ahlinzeka ngokuguquguquka kokwakha ngokushesha ama-prototypes nemiklamo ephindaphindayo, ukonga isikhathi nezinsiza kunqubo yokuthuthukiswa. Iphinde ivumele ukukhiqizwa okudingekayo, okwenza ukukhiqiza amanani amancane amadivaysi akhethekile abonakalayo noma izingxenye zibe nokwenzeka ngaphandle kwesidingo samathuluzi abizayo.
Kodwa-ke, izinselelo zihlotshaniswa nokuphrinta kwe-3D kanye nokukhiqizwa kwejeli ye-organic silica engeziwe. Ukuthuthukisa ukwakheka okuphrintekayo okunezici ze-rheological ezithuthukisiwe nokuzinza kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinqubo zokuphrinta ezinokwethenjelwa. Ukwengeza, ukuhambisana kwamasu okuphrinta anekhwalithi ephezulu ye-optical kanye nezinyathelo zokucubungula ngemva kokuphrinta, njengokuphulukisa noma ukudonsa, kufanele kucatshangelwe ngokucophelela ukuze kuzuzwe izici ezifiselekayo zokubona.
I-Microfluidics kanye namadivayisi we-Lab-on-a-Chip
Ukugcinwa kwedatha okubonakalayo kubhekisela ekugcineni nokuthola ulwazi lwedijithali usebenzisa amasu asekelwe ekukhanyeni. Ama-Optical discs, afana nama-CD, ama-DVD, nama-Blu-ray discs, asetshenziselwe kabanzi ukugcinwa kwedatha ngenxa yomthamo wawo omkhulu nokuzinza kwesikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, kunesidingo esiqhubekayo senye imidiya yokugcina enokuminyana kwesitoreji esiphezulu namazinga okudlulisa idatha ngokushesha. Ngezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile zokubona kanye nezici ezenza ngokwezifiso, ijeli ye-silica ye-optical organic ibamba amandla amahle kakhulu wokugcinwa kwedatha ebonakalayo ethuthukisiwe.
Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica iwumsebenzi oguquguqukayo obonisa izici ezihlukile zokubona, okuhlanganisa ukukhanya okuphezulu, ukuhlakazeka okuphansi, kanye ne-spectrum ebanzi yokumuncwa. Lezi zakhiwo ziyenza ifaneleke kahle ukugcinwa kwedatha ye-optical, lapho ukulawulwa okunembile kokuhlangana kwezinto zokukhanya kubalulekile. Ngokusebenzisa izici eziyingqayizivele zejeli ye-silica ye-optical organic, kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa amandla aphezulu kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina idatha ze-optical speed.
Enye indlela yokusebenzisa ijeli ye-silica ye-optical organic ekugcinweni kwedatha ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokugcina i-holographic. Ubuchwepheshe be-Holographic storage busebenzisa izimiso zokugxambukela kanye ne-diffraction ukuze kugcinwe futhi kutholwe inani elikhulu ledatha ngevolumu yezinhlangothi ezintathu. Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica ingasebenza njengendawo yokugcina izinto ezinhlelweni ze-holographic, idale izinto ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ze-holographic ezinezakhiwo ezihambisanayo zokubona.
Ekugcinweni kwedatha ye-holographic, i-laser beam ihlukaniswa ibe imishayo emibili: i-signal beam ephethe idatha kanye ne-reference beam. Imishayo emibili iyaphambana ngaphakathi kwejeli ye-silica ephilayo ebonakalayo, idala iphethini yokuphazamiseka ehlanganisa idatha esakhiweni sejeli. Le phethini yokuphazamisa ingarekhodwa unomphela futhi ibuyiswe ngokukhanyisa ijeli ngensimbi yesithenjwa nokwakha kabusha idatha yoqobo.
Izakhiwo eziyingqayizivele zejeli ye-silica ye-optical organic iyenza ilungele ukugcinwa kwedatha ye-holographic. Ukuba sobala kwayo okuphezulu kuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kokukhanya okuphumelelayo, okuvumela amaphethini okuphazamisa anembile ukuthi akheke futhi abuyiswe. I-spectrum yokumunca ebanzi yejeli yenza ukurekhodwa nokubuyiselwa kwamaza amaza amaningi, kukhuphula umthamo wokulondoloza kanye namazinga okudlulisa idatha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zejeli zivumela ukwenziwa kahle kwezakhiwo zayo ze-photochemical ne-thermal ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukurekhoda nokuzinza.
Okunye ukusetshenziswa okungaba khona kwejeli ye-optical organic silica ekugcinweni kwedatha kunjengesendlalelo esisebenzayo kumadivayisi enkumbulo optical. Ngokufaka ijeli esakhiweni sezinkumbulo ezibukwayo, njengokushintshwa kwesigaba noma izinkumbulo ze-magneto-optical, kuyenzeka ukuthi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwazo nokuzinza. Izici zokubona eziyingqayizivele zejeli zingasetshenziswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzwela kwalawa madivayisi kanye nesilinganiso sesignali-kuya-nomsindo, okuholela ekuminyaneni okuphezulu kwesitoreji sedatha kanye nesivinini sokufinyelela idatha ngokushesha.
Ukwengeza, ukuguquguquka nokuguquguquka kwejeli ye-silica optical organic kuvumela ukuhlanganisa ezinye izakhi ezisebenzayo, njengama-nanoparticles noma odayi, kumidiya yokugcina. Lezi zengezo zingathuthukisa futhi izici zokubona nokusebenza kwamasistimu okulondoloza, zinike amandla ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe njengokugcinwa kwedatha okunezinga eliphezulu noma ukurekhoda okunemibala eminingi.
Naphezu kwamandla athembisayo ejeli ye-optical organic silica yokugcina idatha ye-optical, ezinye izinselele kufanele zixazululwe. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza, ukuqina, nokuhambisana nezindlela zokufunda. Ucwaningo oluqhubekayo lugxile ekuthuthukiseni izinqubo zokuqopha nezokubuyiswa, ukuthuthukisa izivumelwano ezifanele zokuqopha, kanye nokuhlola izakhiwo zamadivaysi amasha ukuze kunqotshwe lezi zinselele.
I-Optical Data Storage
Ukugcinwa kwedatha okubonakalayo ubuchwepheshe obusebenzisa amasu asekelwe ekukhanyeni ukuze kugcinwe futhi kutholwe ulwazi lwedijithali. Imidiya yendabuko yokugcina ukukhanya njengama-CD, ama-DVD, nama-Blu-ray discs isetshenziswe kabanzi, kodwa kunesidingo esiqhubekayo somthamo ophezulu kanye nezixazululo zokulondoloza idatha ngokushesha. Ngezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile zokubona kanye nezici ezenza ngokwezifiso, ijeli ye-silica ye-optical organic ibamba amandla amahle kakhulu wokugcinwa kwedatha ebonakalayo ethuthukisiwe.
Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica iwumsebenzi oguquguqukayo onezici zokubona ezihlukile, ezifaka ukukhanya okuphezulu, ukuhlakazeka okuphansi, kanye ne-spectrum yokumunca ebanzi. Lezi zakhiwo ziyenza ifaneleke kahle ukugcinwa kwedatha ye-optical, lapho ukulawulwa okunembile kokuhlangana kwezinto zokukhanya kubalulekile. Ngokusebenzisa izici eziyingqayizivele zejeli ye-silica ye-optical organic, kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa amandla aphezulu kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina idatha ze-optical speed.
Isitoreji se-Holographic siwuhlelo oluthembisayo lwejeli ye-silica ephilayo endaweni yokugcina idatha. Ubuchwepheshe be-Holographic storage busebenzisa izimiso zokuthikamezeka kanye ne-diffraction ukuze kugcinwe futhi kutholwe inani elikhulu ledatha ngevolumu enezinhlangothi ezintathu. Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica ingasebenza njengendawo yokugcina izinto ezinhlelweni ze-holographic, idale izinto ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ze-holographic ezinezakhiwo ezihambisanayo zokubona.
Ekugcinweni kwedatha ye-holographic, i-laser beam ihlukaniswa ibe imishayo emibili: i-signal beam ephethe idatha kanye ne-reference beam. Le mishayo ihlangana ngaphakathi kwejeli ye-silica ebonakalayo, idale iphethini yokuphazamiseka ehlanganisa idatha esakhiweni sejeli. Le phethini yokuphazamisa ingarekhodwa unomphela futhi ibuyiswe ngokukhanyisa ijeli ngensimbi yesithenjwa nokwakha kabusha idatha yoqobo.
Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica ifaneleka kahle ukugcinwa kwedatha ye-holographic ngenxa yokukhanyela kwayo okuphezulu kanye ne-spectrum ebanzi yokumuncwa. Lezi zakhiwo zinika amandla ukudluliswa kokukhanya okuphumelelayo nokuqoshwa kwamaza amaningi, kukhuphula umthamo wokugcina kanye namazinga okudlulisa idatha. Izici ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zejeli futhi zivumela ukwenziwa kahle kwezakhiwo zayo ze-photochemical ne-thermal, ukuthuthukisa ukuqoshwa nokuzinza.
Olunye uhlelo lokusebenza lwejeli ye-organic silica optical ekugcinweni kwedatha lunjengesendlalelo esisebenzayo kumadivayisi enkumbulo optical. Ngokuhlanganisa ijeli kumadivayisi afana nokushintsha kwesigaba noma izinkumbulo ze-magneto-optical, izici zayo ezihlukile zokubona zingathuthukisa ukusebenza nokuzinza. Ukuba sobala okuphezulu kwejeli nezici ezenzeka ngendlela oyifisayo zingathuthukisa ukuzwela kanye nesilinganiso sesignali-kuya-nomsindo, okuholela ekuminyaneni okuphezulu kwesitoreji sedatha kanye nesivinini sokufinyelela idatha ngokushesha.
Ukwengeza, ukuguquguquka nokuguquguquka kwejeli ye-silica optical organic kuvumela ukuhlanganisa ezinye izakhi ezisebenzayo, njengama-nanoparticles noma odayi, kumidiya yokugcina. Lezi zengezo zingathuthukisa futhi izici zokubona nokusebenza kwamasistimu okulondoloza, zinike amandla ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe njengokugcinwa kwedatha okunezinga eliphezulu noma ukurekhoda okunemibala eminingi.
Kodwa-ke, kunezinselelo ekusebenziseni ijeli ye-silica ye-optical organic ukugcinwa kwedatha yokubona. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza, ukuqina, nokuhambisana nezindlela zokufunda. Ucwaningo oluqhubekayo lugxile ekuthuthukiseni ukurekhoda nezinqubo zokubuyisa, ukuthuthukisa izivumelwano ezifanele zokuqopha, kanye nokuhlola izakhiwo zamadivaysi amasha ukuze kunqobe lezi zinselele.
I-Aerospace kanye nezicelo Zokuvikela
Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica, enezici zayo zokubona ezihlukile nezici ezenza ngokwezifiso, ibambe amandla abalulekile okusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene ku-aerospace kanye nezimboni zokuvikela. Ukuguquguquka kwayo, ukukhanya okuphezulu, nokuhambisana nezinye izinto kuyenza ifaneleke izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezidinga ukusebenza kokubona, ukuqina, nokuthembeka ezindaweni eziyinselele.
Ukufakwa okukodwa okugqamile kwejeli ye-silica ye-optical emkhakheni we-aerospace kanye nokuvikela ama-optical coatings nezihlungi. Lezi zimbotshana nezihlungi zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwamasistimu okubona, njengezinzwa, amakhamera, namadivayisi wokuthwebula izithombe. Ukubonakala okuphezulu kwejeli kanye nezakhiwo ezihlakazekayo eziphansi ziyenza ibe ikhandidethi elihle kakhulu lokumboza i-antireflective, ivikela izingxenye ezibonakalayo ekukhanyeni futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokubona. Ukwengeza, ijeli ye-silica ye-optical organic ingenziwa ngendlela efanele ukuze ibe nezici ezithile zokumuncwa noma zokudlulisela, okuvumela ukwakhiwa kwezihlungi ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ezidlulisa ngokukhetha noma ezivimba ubude obuthile bokukhanya, okuvumela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana ne-imaging ye-multispectral noma ukuvikelwa kwe-laser.
Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica iphinde ibe nenzuzo ekuthuthukiseni izingxenye ze-optical ezingasindi kanye nezakhiwo endaweni ye-aerospace nezinhlelo zokuvikela. I-low density namandla aphezulu ahambisana nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokunciphisa isisindo esibucayi, njengezimoto zasemoyeni ezingasebenzanga (ama-UAV) noma amasathelayithi. Ngokusebenzisa ukuphrinta kwe-3D noma amasu okukhiqiza okungeziwe, ijeli ye-silica ye-optical organic ingakwazi ukwenza izingxenye ezibonakalayo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezilula, njengamalensi, izibuko, noma amagagasi amagagasi, okuvumela ukwenziwa okuncane nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kwezinhlelo zokukhanya ku-aerospace nezinkundla zokuzivikela.
Enye indawo lapho ijeli ye-silica esebenza ngokubonakalayo ithola khona ukusebenza ikumicu yokubona nezinzwa ngezinjongo ze-aerospace nezokuvikela. Amafayibha okubona asuka kujeli anikeza izinzuzo njengokuguquguquka okuphezulu, ukulahlekelwa okuphansi, kanye nomkhawulokudonsa obanzi. Angasetshenziselwa ukudluliswa kwedatha okunesivinini esikhulu, izinzwa ezisabalalisiwe, noma ukuqapha ubuqotho besakhiwo endizeni, imikhumbi-mkhathi, noma amathuluzi ezempi. Ukuhambisana kwejeli nezithasiselo ezisebenzayo kuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinzwa zefiber optical ezikwazi ukubona imingcele ehlukahlukene njengezinga lokushisa, uhlobo, noma ama-ejenti amakhemikhali, ahlinzeke ngokuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kwe-aerospace nezinhlelo zokuzivikela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ijeli ye-silica ye-optical organic ingasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-laser ukwenza i-aerospace kanye nezicelo zokuvikela. Izinga layo eliphezulu lokubukwayo, izinto ezingaqondile eziphansi, kanye nokuzinza kuyenza ifaneleke izingxenye ze-laser futhi izuze imidiya. Ijeli ye-Optical organic silica ingafakwa ngezinto ezisebenza nge-laser ukuze kwakhiwe ama-lasers esimo esiqinile noma isetshenziswe njenge-matrix yokusingatha ama-molecule edayi ye-laser kuma-laser ashintshwayo. Lawa ma-laser athola izinhlelo zokusebenza ekuqokweni okuqondisiwe, ekutholeni ububanzi, amasistimu e-LIDAR, nokuzwa okukude, okunika amandla izilinganiso ezinembile nokuthwebula izithombe endaweni edinga i-aerospace neyokuvikela.
Kodwa-ke, kunezinselelo lapho kusetshenziswa ijeli ye-silica ye-optical ku-aerospace kanye nezicelo zokuvikela. Lokhu kubandakanya ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside kwejeli, ukumelana nezici zemvelo, kanye nokuhambisana nezidingo eziqinile ezifana nokweqisa kwezinga lokushisa, ukudlidliza, noma imithelela yesivinini esikhulu. Ukuhlolwa okuqinile, ukufaneleka, kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwabalingiswa bezinto ezibonakalayo kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwethembeka nokusebenza kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ezinzima.
Amathemba Nezinselele Zesikhathi esizayo
Ijeli ye-silica ye-Optical organic, enezici zayo ezihlukile zokubona nezici ezenza ngokwezifiso, inamandla amakhulu okusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene emikhakheni eyahlukene. Njengoba ucwaningo nentuthuko kule ndawo iqhubeka, amathemba nezinselele ezimbalwa ziyavela, ezakha umkhondo we-optical organic silica gel technologies.
Elinye lamathemba athembisayo ejeli ye-silica ye-optical organic lisendimeni ye-photonics ethuthukisiwe ne-optoelectronics. Ngokubonisa ngale kwayo okuphezulu, ukuhlakazeka okuphansi, kanye ne-spectrum yokumunca ebanzi, ijeli ingakha amadivaysi e-photonic asebenza kahle kakhulu, njengamasekhethi okubona ahlanganisiwe, ama-optical modulators, noma amadivaysi akhipha ukukhanya. Ikhono lokwenza ngendlela oyifisayo izici zokubona zejeli kanye nokuhambisana kwayo nezinye izinto kunikeza amathuba okuhlanganisa ijeli ye-silica ephilayo kumasistimu e-optoelectronic athuthukile, okuvumela amazinga okudlulisa idatha asheshayo, amandla enzwa athuthukisiwe, kanye nokusebenza kwamanoveli.
Elinye ithemba elingaba khona lisendaweni yezicelo ze-biomedical. I-Optical organic silica gel's biocompatibility, izici ezenzeka ngokwezifiso, kanye nokukhanyela kokubona kuyenza ibe into ethembisayo ye-biomedical imaging, biosensing, ukulethwa kwezidakamizwa, kanye nobunjiniyela bezicubu. Ukufaka izakhi ezisebenzayo, ezifana nodayi be-fluorescent noma ama-molecule aqondiwe, kujeli kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthuthukisa ama-imaging probes, ama-biosensors, kanye nokwelapha ngokucaciswa okuthuthukisiwe nokusebenza kahle. Amandla okwenza ijeli ye-silica ekhanyayo ezakhiweni ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu futhi ivula izindlela zokukalwa kwezicubu kanye nomuthi ovuselelayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ijeli ye-optical organic silica inamandla okusebenza ahlobene namandla. Ukubonakala kwayo okuphezulu kanye nezindlela zokukhiqiza ezihlukahlukene ziyenza ifanelekele ama-photovoltaics, ama-light-emitting diode (ama-LED), namadivayisi wokugcina amandla. Ngokusebenzisa izici zokubona zejeli nokuhambisana nezinye izinto, kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kwamaseli elanga, kuthuthukiswe izixazululo zokukhanyisa ezonga amandla, nokudala ubuchwepheshe obusha bokugcina amandla obunamandla athuthukisiwe nokuphila isikhathi eside.
Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinselelo kufanele zibhekwe ukuze kwamukelwe kabanzi kanye nokudayiswa kobuchwepheshe bejeli ye-silica optical organic. Inselele eyodwa ebalulekile ukwenza kahle kokuzinza nokuqina kwejeli. Njengoba ijeli ye-silica ye-optical organic ichayeke ezicini ezihlukahlukene zemvelo, njengezinga lokushisa, umswakama, noma imisebe ye-UV, izakhiwo zayo zingase ziwohloke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Imizamo iyadingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana kwejeli ekonakaleni futhi kuthuthukiswe izimbotshana zokuvikela noma izindlela zokuhlanganisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside.
Enye inselele ukunwebeka kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko zezinqubo zokukhiqiza ijeli ye-organic silica. Nakuba ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuba nokwenzeka kokwenza ijeli ngamasu ahlukahlukene, ukukhuphula umkhiqizo kuyilapho ukugcinwa kwekhwalithi nokuvumelana kuseyinselele. Ukwengeza, ukucatshangelwa kwezindleko, njengokutholakala nokufinyeleleka kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezandulelayo, okokusebenza kokwenziwa, nezinyathelo zangemva kokucubungula, kufanele kubhekwe ukuze kuvunyelwe ukutholwa okusabalele ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuqhutshekwe nokuhlolwa kwezakhiwo eziyisisekelo zejeli kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezindlela ezithuthukisiwe zokuhlukanisa izinhlamvu. Ukuqonda i-photochemical yejeli, i-thermal, kanye nezakhiwo zemishini ngokujulile kubalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwayo nokuyivumelanisa nezinhlelo ezithile zokusebenza. Ukwengeza, ukuthuthuka ezindleleni zokulinganisa kuzosiza ekulawulweni kwekhwalithi, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaguquki nokuthembekile kwamadivayisi asuselwa kujeli ye-organic silica optical.
Isiphetho
Sengiphetha, ijeli ye-silica ye-optical organic iwumsebenzi othembisayo onezici ezikhethekile zokubona, obala, ukuguquguquka, kanye ne-tunability. Ububanzi bayo bezinhlelo zokusebenza ku-optics, photonics, electronics, biotechnology, nangale kwalokho kuyenza ibe inketho ekhangayo kubacwaningi nonjiniyela abafuna izixazululo ezintsha. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kanye nocwaningo olwengeziwe, ijeli ye-optical organic silica inamandla okuguqula izimboni ezihlukahlukene futhi inike amandla ukuthuthukiswa kwamadivayisi athuthukile, izinzwa, nezinhlelo. Njengoba siqhubeka nokuhlola amakhono ayo, kuyacaca ukuthi ijeli ye-silica ephilayo izodlala indima ebalulekile ekulolongeni ikusasa lobuchwepheshe nenqubekelaphambili yesayensi.
