Zida Zamagetsi Zamunthu Kuthamanga
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa zomatira ndi zosindikizira mu mafakitale a zamagetsi tsopano zafala ndipo zimathandizira mwachindunji osati kupanga zinthu zamagetsi komanso ntchito zawo zautali komanso moyo wautali. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu kwa zomatira pamakampani amagetsi kumaphatikizapo kulumikiza zida zapamtunda (SMCs), kulumikiza mawaya ndi kuyika kapena kuyika zida. Chomangira chamakampani opanga zamagetsi ndi bolodi losindikizidwa kapena, monga momwe amatchulidwira, bolodi losindikizidwa (PCB). PCB imagwiritsa ntchito zomatira pomangirira zigawo zokwera pamwamba, kutchingira waya, zokutira zofananira komanso zomangira (zophika).
Magawo atatu osiyanasiyana opangira zinthu ayenera kuganiziridwa posankha zomatira pamagetsi (kapena china chilichonse): gawo lomwe silinachiritsidwe kapena lamadzimadzi, gawo lochiritsa (losintha) ndi gawo lochiritsidwa kapena lolimba.
Kuchita kwa zomatira zochiritsidwa ndizofunika kwambiri chifukwa zimakhudza kudalirika.
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito zomatira ndizofunikanso kwambiri, makamaka chifukwa chofuna kuonetsetsa kuti ndalama zolondola zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo oyenera.
Njira zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito zomatira pamagetsi pamagetsi ndi kusindikiza pazithunzi (kufinya zomatira kudzera pazithunzi pazenera), kusamutsa mapini (pogwiritsa ntchito ma gridi amitundu yambiri omwe amatumiza madontho omatira ku bolodi) ndikugwiritsa ntchito syringe (momwe zomatira zimajambulidwa. kuperekedwa ndi syringe yoyendetsedwa ndi kupanikizika). Kugwiritsa ntchito syringe mwina ndiyo njira yotchuka kwambiri, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito ma syringe oyendetsedwa ndi electro-pneumatically popanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya PCB.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomatira idzalingaliridwa tsopano.
Mwachilengedwe chawo, zomatira zambiri, zonse za organic ndi inorganic, sizimayendetsa magetsi. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito pamitundu yayikulu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi monga epoxies, acrylics, cyanoacrylates, silicones, urethane acrylates ndi cyanoacrylates. Komabe, pamagwiritsidwe ambiri, kuphatikiza mabwalo ophatikizika ndi zida zokwera pamwamba, zomatira zamagetsi zimafunikira.
Njira yanthawi zonse yosinthira zomatira zosagwiritsa ntchito magetsi kuzinthu zopangira magetsi ndikuwonjezera zodzaza zoyenera pazoyambira; kawirikawiri yotsirizira ndi epoxy utomoni.
Zodzaza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mphamvu zamagetsi ndi siliva, faifi tambala ndi kaboni. Siliva ndi amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Zomatira zopangira zokha zimakhala zamadzimadzi kapena zokhazikika (mafilimu omata olimba amafa-odulidwa asanagwirizane ndi mawonekedwe ofunikira).
Pali mitundu iwiri ya zomatira zamagetsi - isotropic ndi anisotropic. Zomatira za anisotropic zimayendera mbali zonse koma zomatira za isotropic zimapita molunjika (z-axis) molunjika ndipo motero zimakhala za uni-directional.
Zomatira za isotropic zimadzikongoletsa kuti zigwirizane ndi mizere yabwino. Zindikirani kuti, zothandiza monga zomatira zopangira ma conductive, sizingangokhala 'kuponyedwa' ngati njira zina zogulitsira. Sali bwino ndi malata (kapena tincontaining alloys) kapena aluminiyamu, kapena pomwe pali mipata yayikulu kapena pomwe amatha kukhala ndi mikhalidwe yonyowa (yonyowa, yonyowa) muntchito.
Zomatira zopangira magetsi
Mwachilengedwe chawo, zomatira zambiri, zonse za organic ndi inorganic, sizimayendetsa magetsi. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito pamitundu yayikulu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi monga epoxies, acrylics, cyanoacrylates, silicones, urethane acrylates ndi cyanoacrylates. Komabe, pamagwiritsidwe ambiri, kuphatikiza mabwalo ophatikizika ndi zida zokwera pamwamba, zomatira zamagetsi zimafunikira.
Njira yanthawi zonse yosinthira zomatira zosagwiritsa ntchito magetsi kuzinthu zopangira magetsi ndikuwonjezera zodzaza zoyenera pazoyambira; kawirikawiri yotsirizira ndi epoxy utomoni.
Zodzaza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mphamvu zamagetsi ndi siliva, faifi tambala ndi kaboni. Siliva ndi amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Zomatira zopangira zokha zimakhala zamadzimadzi kapena zokhazikika (mafilimu omata olimba amafa-odulidwa asanagwirizane ndi mawonekedwe ofunikira).
Pali mitundu iwiri ya zomatira zamagetsi - isotropic ndi anisotropic. Zomatira za anisotropic zimayendera mbali zonse koma zomatira za isotropic zimapita molunjika (z-axis) molunjika ndipo motero zimakhala za uni-directional.
Zomatira za isotropic zimadzikongoletsa kuti zigwirizane ndi mizere yabwino. Zindikirani kuti, zothandiza monga zomatira zopangira ma conductive, sizingangokhala 'kuponyedwa' ngati njira zina zogulitsira. Sali bwino ndi malata (kapena tincontaining alloys) kapena aluminiyamu, kapena pomwe pali mipata yayikulu kapena pomwe amatha kukhala ndi mikhalidwe yonyowa (yonyowa, yonyowa) muntchito.
Thermally zomatira conductive
Miniaturization yamagetsi amagetsi amatha kubweretsa zovuta za kutentha, zomwe zingayambitse kulephera msanga kwa zida zamagetsi ngati kutentha kwawo kwakukulu kupitilira. Thermally conductive zomatira angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupereka kutentha-kuchititsa njira, yomangitsa transistors, ma diode kapena zipangizo magetsi oyenera kutentha sink kuti kuonetsetsa kutentha-ups sizichitika.
Metallic (electrically conductive) kapena non-metallic (insulating) ufa amaphatikizidwa mu mapangidwe omatira kuti apange zomatira zapamwamba kwambiri (paste), zomwe zimakhala zotentha kwambiri (poyerekeza ndi zomatira zosadzaza). Machitidwe odziwika kwambiri a thermally conductive amapangidwa ndi epoxy, silicone ndi acrylics.
Zomatira zochizira ultraviolet
Zomatira zowala, zokutira ndi ma encapsulants zikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani opanga zamagetsi ndikuwonjezeka pafupipafupi chifukwa zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zazinthu ndi kukonza mkati mwamakampaniwa. Zinthuzi zikuphatikiza zofuna za chilengedwe (zosungunulira zowononga chilengedwe ndi zowonjezera sizifunikira), kukonza zokolola ndi mtengo wazinthu. Zomatira zochizira kuwala ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo zimachiritsidwa mwachangu popanda kufunikira kwa kutentha kwapamwamba.
Zomatirazo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopangidwa ndi acrylic ndipo zimakhala ndi zoyambitsa zithunzi zomwe, zikayatsidwa ndi cheza cha ultraviolet, zimapanga ma free radicals kuyambitsa njira yopangira polima (kuchiritsa). Kuwala kwa Ultraviolet kuyenera kulowa mu utomoni wosachiritsika - chotsalira cha zomatira zowunikira. Masungidwe a utomoni wamtundu wakuda, wosafikirika kapena wokhuthala kwambiri ndizovuta kuchiza.
